Public Webinar: Orthodox Christians and Judaism

Source: Orthodox Theological Society in America

Possible models for this work (both in terms of consultative process and form of the published end product) include several resources produced since the Second Vatican Council by the Roman Catholic Church, the Evangelical Lutheran Church of America’s recent Preaching and Teaching “With Love and Respect for the Jewish People”, and the Church of England’s God’s Unfailing Word.
We will also be drawing on years of experience and work on these issues by Orthodox Christian scholars throughout the world.

On the foundation of the short theological statement and longer document which the working group will prepare, a practical guide for liturgical renewal in local Orthodox churches and jurisdictions, including tackling specific textual issues, could then be offered.

In this online webinar, free and open to the public, representatives from the Orthodox Theological Society in America's working group, Orthodox Christians in Dialogue with Jews, will introduce the working group and its work to date.

Orthodox Christians in Dialog with Jews

Our Purpose

“For Orthodox tradition, the church is nothing more nor less than Israel in the altered circumstances of the Messiah’s death, resurrection, and the eschatological outpouring of his Spirit.” (Alexander Golitzin, “Scriptural Images of the Church: An Eastern Orthodox Reflection,” in One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic: Ecumenical Reflections on the Church, Tamara Grdzelidze, ed. Geneva: WCC Publications, 2005: 255.)

As such, Christian identity—the self-understanding of the Church—is rooted in biblical Israel; it was also shaped, especially in the early centuries, by the radical commitment to the “grafting in” of the Gentiles and by tense relations with the Israel of the Synagogue. The coexistence of Christians and Jews along two millennia, each claiming to be the Israel of God while denying this identity to the other, was marked by much pain and suffering, culminating in the tragic events of the 20th century. Too often Christians have failed to confirm their status of children of Abraham by doing the deeds of Abraham.

In the aftermath of the Shoah / Holocaust, a renewed engagement between the two traditions, and a proliferation of scholarship on Second Temple Judaism over the last half century have allowed for a better understanding of their mutual influences, and their exegetical, theological, and spiritual convergences and divergences.

Orthodox Christians in Dialogue with Jews is a project of the Orthodox Theological Society in America, which aims to gather Orthodox Christian scholars and pastoral leaders to further our understanding of our theological and liturgical tradition on the basis of these rekindled contacts, this deepened understanding of both Christian and Jewish origins, with respect for the mystery of Israel and the ongoing presence of our Jewish brothers and sisters today.

This is without doubt a large, complex, and admittedly controversial project, but it is our conviction that it is vital for the Orthodox Church, in keeping with our ever-living tradition, always to reengage our theology and practice to ensure that our teaching, preaching, and worship are grounded in the fulness of God’s truth and love.

We welcome the involvement of Orthodox Christian teachers, pastors, and theologians — whether they be scholars of Scripture, Church history, patristics, liturgy theology, or experts in Christian-Jewish relations — as well as partners and consultants from other Christian churches and Jewish tradition.

If you are interested in being involved, please complete ashort, three-question expression of interest form that will enable OCDJ’s steering committee members to organise the working group’s activities. Please get in touch if you have any questions or feedback, or if you can recommend other working group participants.

Thank you for your support for this project.

About OCDJ

At its 2023 annual meeting

At its 2023 annual meeting, the Orthodox Theological Society in America (OTSA) proposed to set up a working group to study and make recommendations on the issue of anti-Judaism in Orthodox Christian liturgical texts, a matter that gets occasional mention in academic papers but has rarely been given the theological and pastoral attention needed to address the concerns that have been raised.

In advance of Holy Week, a time when many of these anti-Jewish hymns are most prominent, the project was launched with an online seminar on Sunday 2 April 2023, in which our panelists introduced some of the main issues involved and suggested some practical advice that can be implemented in local parish usage.

Over 60 participants took part in the seminar chaired by Fr Geoffrey Ready, who in his preliminary remarks outlined the various theological and pastoral considerations of what is a long-overdue conversation. Dr George Demacopoulos then reprised his 2023 OTSA Conference talk, “Anti-Jewish Rhetoric in the Good Friday Hymns,” demonstrating that the core set of anti-Jewish Byzantine liturgical hymns arose in a particular historical context and did not reflect the theology of the earlier liturgical tradition. Fr Dcn Michael Azar followed up with a careful consideration of the central theological and prophetic elements of the Holy Week hymnography. Svetlana Panich offered the perspective of a Jewish Christian, focusing on the narrative division between “us” and “them” introduced by the problematic texts. A hearty discussion among the panelists and participants followed the presentations. The seminar culminated with some practical suggestions that might be undertaken at a local parish level.

Scope and Goals

Initial reflection and consultation with potential working group participants made it clear that it would be futile simply to isolate anti-Jewish liturgical texts and make recommendations for removing or amending them. The renewal of liturgical texts used in worship requires deeper engagement with all aspects of the Orthodox Church’s teaching and preaching, including the theological and pastoral issues involved in its relationship with Judaism.

We are proposing, therefore, that the scope and goals for the working group should begin with producing a short (2-3 page) theological statement of key principles and then writing a longer (perhaps 80-100 page) document expanding on those principles and highlighting the key theological issues involved. Possible models for this work (both in terms of consultative process and form of the published end product) include several resources produced since the Second Vatican Council by the Roman Catholic Church, the Evangelical Lutheran Church of America’s recentPreaching and Teaching “With Love and Respect for the Jewish People”, and the Church of England’s God’s Unfailing Word. We will also be drawing on years of experience and work on these issues by Orthodox Christian scholars throughout the world.

On the foundation of the short theological statement and longer document which the working group will prepare, a practical guide for liturgical renewal in local Orthodox churches and jurisdictions, including tackling specific textual issues, could then be offered.

• Statement of Key Theological Principles
• Theological Document to Resource Education and Further Study
• Practical Guide for Local Churches

Participation

This is without doubt a large, complex, and admittedly controversial project, but it is our conviction that it is vital for the Orthodox Church, in keeping with our ever-living tradition, always to reengage our theology and practice to ensure that our teaching, preaching, and worship are grounded in the fulness of God’s truth and love.

We welcome the involvement of Orthodox Christian teachers, pastors, and theologians — whether they be scholars of Scripture, Church history, patristics, liturgy theology, or experts in Christian-Jewish relations — as well as partners and consultants from other Christian churches and Jewish tradition.

If you are interested in being involved, please complete ashort, three-question expression of interest form that will enable OCDJ’s steering committee members to organise the working group’s activities. Please get in touch if you have any questions or feedback, or if you can recommend other working group participants.

Thank you for your support for this project.

OCDJ Steering Committee

• Rev Dr Geoffrey Ready, Trinity College, University of Toronto (Chair)
• Rev Dr Michael Azar, University of Scranton
• Rev Dr Bogdan Bucur, St Vladimir’s Orthodox Theological Seminary
• Inga Leonova, Editor-in-Chief, The Wheel journal
• Svetlana Panich, Wycliffe College, University of Toronto
• Rev Dr Alexandru Ioniță, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu

If you would like to join the steering committee please get in touch or use the expression of interest form.

More

Upcoming Seminars and Events

Online Seminars
The work of OCDJ is proceeding on the basis of regular online seminar discussions by Orthodox Christian theologians in consultation with our Jewish and ecumenical Christian partners.

Please get in touch (info@ocdj.net) if you would like to be involved and would like the Zoom link for these online seminars.

Resources

Books

• Azar, Michael G., Exegeting the Jews: The Early Reception of the Johannine “Jews.” The Bible in Ancient Christianity 10. Boston: Brill, 2016.
• Bonfil, Robert, Oded Irshai, Guy Stroumsa, and Rina Talgum, eds. Jews in Byzantium: Dialectics of Minority and Majority Cultures. Boston: Brill, 2012.
• Caneri, Sandrine, and Mère Éliane (Poirot) OCD. À la louange de sa gloire: Modifications de certains textes de l’office byzantin au regard du mystère d’Israël et de l’église. Studia Oecumenica series. Sibiu: Ecumenical Institute in Sibiu, 2008. [soon to be translated into English]
• de Lange, Nicholas, Elena Narinskaya, and Sybil Sheridan, eds. Elonei Mamre: The Encounter of Judaism and Orthodox Christianity. New York: Fortresss Academic, 2023.
• de Lange, Nicholas, Elena Narinskaya, and Sybil Sheridan, eds. Tois Pasin ho Kairos: Judaism and Orthodox Christianity Facing the Future. New York: Fortresss Academic, 2023.
• Gillet, Lev. Communion in the Messiah: Studies in the Relationship Between Judaism and Christianity. Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock, 1999. First published 1942.
• Ioniță, Alexandru, and Stefan Tobler, eds. The Byzantine Liturgy and the Jews. (forthcoming)
• Lowe, Malcolm, ed. Orthodox Christians and Jews on continuity and renewal: Third Academic Meeting between Orthodoxy and Judaism. Jerusalem: Ecumenical Theological Research Fraternity in Israel; 1994.
• Narinskaya, Elena. Ephrem, a Jewish Sage: A Comparison of the Exegetical Writings of St Ephrem the Syrian and Jewish Traditions. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers, 2010.
• Papademetriou, George. Essays on Christian-Jewish Relations. Bristol, IN: Wyndham Hall Press, 1990.

Articles and Book Chapters

• Ankori, Zvi. “Greek Orthodox–Jewish Relations in Historic Perspective—The Jewish View.” Greek Orthodox Theological Review 22.1 (1977): 17–57.
• Artemi, Eirini. “The Psalms, the Hymns, and the Texts of the Old Testament and Their Use in Holy Monday and Tuesday.” Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Orthodoxa 65, no. 2 (2020): 113–32.
• Azar, Michael G. “Origen, Scripture, and the Imprecision of ‘Supersessionism’.” Studies in Christian-Jewish Relations 16, no. 1 (2021): 1-25.
• Azar, Michael G. “Prophetic Matrix and Theological Paradox: Jews and Judaism in the Holy Week and Pascha Observances of the Greek Orthodox Church.” Studies in Christian-Jewish Relations 10, no. 1 (2015): 1-27.
• Azar, Michael G. “‘Supersessionism’: The Political Origin of a Theological Neologism.” Journal of Theological Interpretation 10.2 (2016): 157-172.
• Azar, Michael G. “The Role of Scripture in Jewish-Christian Dialogue: An Orthodox Perspective,” in The Oxford Handbook of the Bible in Orthodox Christianity. Eugen Pentiuc, ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2022: 556-574.
• Bucur, Bogdan G. “Anti-Jewish Rhetoric in Byzantine Hymnography: Exegetical and Theological Contextualization.” St Vladimir’s Theological Quarterly 61 (2017): 39-60.
• Bucur, Bogdan G. “Anti-Jewish Sentiments in Liturgical and Patristic Biblical Interpretations,” in The Oxford Handbook of the Bible in Orthodox Christianity. Eugen Pentiuc, ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2022: 484-499.
• Bucur, Bogdan G. “Justin Martyr’s Exegesis of Biblical Theophanies and the Parting of the Ways Between Christianity and Judaism.” Theological Studies 75 (March 2014): 34-51.
• Caneri, Sandrine. “Les sources juives de la liturgie byzantine.” Contacts 216 (2006): 399-422. [soon to be translated into English]
• Caneri, Sandrine. “The Orthodox Church in Dialogue with Judaism: Toward an Official Document?” The Wheel 17-18 (Spring/Summer 2019): 33-40.
• Caneri, Sandrine. “Under What Conditions Would the Orthodox Engage in the Judeo-Christian Dialogue?” Review of Ecumenical Studies Sibiu 11, no. 2 (2019): 154-166.
• Christian Roundtable of Eastern Orthodox Priests and Cultural Representatives from Greece, Georgia, Italy, Russia, and Ukraine visiting Jerusalem, “Final Declaration: To Recognize Christ in His People.” (April 20-24, 2007).
• Cohen, Mireille and Sandrine Caneri. “Recontextualiser les Saints Pères et ne pas juger.” Sens 384 (2013): 843-849.
• de Lange, Nicholas. “The Orthodox Churches in Dialogue with Judaism,” in Challenges in Jewish-Christian Relations. James K. Aitken and Edward Kessler, eds. New York: Paulist Press, 2006.
• Fritts, Kevin Basil. “All the Nations? Orthodox Theology in the Wake of Nostra Aetate.” The Wheel 17-18 (Spring/Summer 2019): 62-68.
• Golitzin, Alexander. “Scriptural Images of the Church: An Eastern Orthodox Reflection,” in One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic: Ecumenical Reflections on the Church. Tamara Grdzelidze, ed. Geneva: WCC Publications, 2005: 255-266.
• Greek Orthodox-Jewish Scholars Colloquium. “Recommendations Adopted by the Greek Orthodox-Jewish Scholars Colloquium, January 25-26, 1972.” Greek Orthodox Theological Review 22 (1977): 155-156.
• Groen, Bert. “Anti-Judaism in the Present-Day Byzantine Liturgy.” Journal of Eastern Christian Studies 60, no. 1 (2008): 369–387.
• Groen, Bert. “Old Testament Saints and Anti-Judaism in the Current Byzantine Liturgy.” A Cloud of Witnesses (2005): 145-159.
• Hackel, Sergei. “The Relevance of Western Post-Holocaust Theology to the Thought and Practice of the Russian Orthodox Church.” Sobornost 20 (1998): 7–25.
• Heldt, Petra. “A Brief History of Dialogue Between Orthodox Christians and Jews.” Immanuel 26-27 (1994): 211-224.
• Ioniță, Alexandru. “Byzantine Liturgical Hymnography: A Stumbling Stone for the Jewish-Orthodox Christian Dialogue?” Review of Ecumenical Studies Sibiu 11, no. 2 (2019): 253–267.
• Ioniță, Alexandru. “Byzantine Liturgical Texts and Modern Israelogy: Opportunities for Liturgical Renewal in the Orthodox Church.” Studia Liturgica 44 (2014): 151-162.
• Ioniță, Alexandru. “Patristic and Eastern Orthodox Interpretations of Romans 9-11: Overview and Perspectives for the Theological Recovery of a Pauline Text.” Benyik György, ed. Interpretations of the Letter to the Romans. Szeged: Jate Press, 2018: 113-123.
• Kireopoulos, Antonios. “On Jewish-Orthodox Christian Relations,” in A Jubilee for All Time: The Copernican Revolution in Jewish–Christian Relations. Gilbert S. Rosenthal, ed.. Eugene, OR: Pickwick, 2014: 96-105.
• Leonova, Inga. “Christianity and the Jewish Question,” The Wheel 26-27 (Summer/Fall 2021): 73-79.
• Moga, Ioan. “Jewish Elements in the Tradition of the Orthodox Church. A Contribution to Dialogue.” Review of Ecumenical Studies Sibiu 11, no. 2 (2019): 167–179.
• Narinskaya, Elena. “What does it take to be Anti-Jewish? A deconstruction of statements held to be Anti-Jewish in Early Christian writers.” Bogoslov (29 December 2011).
• Perșa, Răzvan. “The Image of Jews According to the Canonical Tradition of the Orthodox Church.” Religions 14, no. 1 (n.d.): 91.
• Seppälä, Serafim. “Forsaken or Not? Patristic Argumentation on the Forsakenness of Jews Revisited.” Review of Ecumenical Studies Sibiu 11, no. 2 (2019): 180–98.
• Stylianopoulos, Theodore. “New Testament Issues in Jewish-Christian Relations.” Greek Orthodox Theological Review 22.1 (1977): 70–79.
• Theokritoff, Elizabeth. “The Orthodox Services of Holy Week: The Jews and the New Sion.” Sobornost 25 (2003): 25-50.
• Tonias, Demetrios E. “From the Springs of Israel: The Jewish Bible and Eastern Christian Liturgy.” Sacred Texts and Human Contexts: Jewish, Christian, and Muslim Views on What Unites and Divides Us. Nathan R. Kollar and Muhammad Shafiq, eds. North Charleston, SC: CreateSpace, 2014.
• Tonias, Demetrios E. “Fulfillment in Continuity: The Orthodox Christian Theology of Biblical Israel.” Review of Ecumenical Studies Sibiu 11, no. 2 (2019): 209–36.
• Tonias, Demetrios E. “Sharing the Inheritance: An Orthodox Christian View of the Church as New Israel in the Context of the Contemporary Jewish-Christian Dialogue.” Current Dialogue: Special Issue: Christian Self Understanding in the Jewish Context, no. 53 (2012): 51-61.
• Vachicouras, Gary. “Le dialogue de l’Église orthodoxe avec la Tradition juive.” Contacts 58 (2006): 516-527.

Other Recommended Resources

• The following works do not specifically address Orthodox Christianity and Judaism but are recommended resources for theological reflection on Christian-Jewish dialogue.
• Anderson, Paul N. “Anti-Semitism and Religious Violence as Flawed Interpretations of the Gospel of John. John and Judaism: A Contested Relationship in Context.” Resources for Biblical Study 87, Atlanta SBL Press, 2017: 265–312.
• Baron, Lori, Jill Hicks-Keeton, and Matthew Thiessen, eds. The Ways That Oen Parted: Essays in Honor of Joel Marcus. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2019.
• Bauckham, Richard. Jesus and the God of Israel: God Crucified and Other Studies on the New Testament’s Christology of Divine Identity. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2008.
• Becker, Adam H., and Annette Yoshiko Reed, eds. The Ways That Never Parted: Jews and Christians in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages. Minneapolis: Fortress, 2007.
• Berlin, Adele, and Marc Zvi Brettler, eds. The Jewish Study Bible. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.
• Blackwell, Ben C., John K. Goodrich, and Jaston Maston, eds. Reading Mark in Context: Jesus and Second Temple Judaism. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Academic, 2018.
• Blackwell, Ben C., John K. Goodrich, and Jaston Maston, eds. Reading Revelation in Context: John’s Apocalypse and Second Temple Judaism. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Academic, 2019.
• Blackwell, Ben C., John K. Goodrich, and Jaston Maston, eds. Reading Romans in Context: Paul and Second Temple Judaism. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Academic, 2015.
• Boccaccini, Gabriele, and Carlos A. Segovia, eds. Paul the Jew: Rereading the Apostle as a Figure of Second Temple Judaism. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2016.
• Boyarin, Daniel. Border Lines: The Partition of Judaeo-Christianity. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004.
• Boyarin, Daniel. Dying for God: Martyrdom and the Making of Christianity and Judaism. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1999.
• Boyarin, Daniel. The Jewish Gospels: The Story of the Jewish Christ. New York: New Press, 2012.
• Boyarin, Daniel. “Justin Martyr Invents Judaism.” Church History 70, no. 3 (2001): 427-461.
• Boyarin, Daniel. A Radical Jew: Paul and the Politics of Identity. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1994.
• Brettler, Marc Zvi, and Amy-Jill Levine. The Bible With and Without Jesus: How Jews and Christians Read the Same Stories Differently. San Francisco: HarperOne, 2020.
• Brettler, Marc Zvi, and Amy-Jill Levine. The Jewish Annotated New Testament. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.
• Chazan, Robert. From Anti-Judaism to Anti-Semitism: Ancient and Medieval Christian Constructions of Jewish History. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2016.
• Cunningham, Philip A. “Themes in Catholic Post-Nostra Aetate Theology.” Current Dialogue: Special Issue: Christian Self Understanding in the Jewish Context, no. 53 (2012): 10-20.
• Daniélou, Jean. The Theology of Jewish Christianity. London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 1964.
• Dunn, James D.G., ed. Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways AD 70 to 135. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1999.
• Eisenbaum, Pamela. Paul Was Not a Christian. San Francisco: HarperOne, 2009.
• Feldman, Louis H. Jew and Gentile in the Ancient World: Attitudes and Interactions from Alexander to Justinian. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.
• Fredriksen, Paula. Augustine and the Jews: A Christian Defense of Jews and Judaism. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2008.
• Fredriksen, Paula, and Oded Irshai. “Christian Anti-Judaism: Polemics and Policies: From the Second to the Seventh Centuries,” in Steven T. Katz, ed., The Cambridge History of Judaism, vol. 4 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006: 977-1035.
• Fredriksen, Paula. Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews: A Jewish Life and the Emergence of Christianity. New York: Vintage Books, 1999.
• Fredriksen, Paula. When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2018.
• Frymer-Kensky, Tikva, David Novak, Peter Ochs, David Fox Sandmel, and Michael A. Signer. Christianity in Jewish Terms. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2000.
• Goldberg, Sol, Scott Ury, and Kalman Weiser, eds. Key Concepts in the Study of Antisemitism. London, UK: Palgrave MacMillan, 2021.
• Harvey, Susan Ashbrook, David G. Hunter, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Early Christian Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
• Heschel, Abraham Joshua. God in Search of Man: A Philosophy of Judaism. New York: Harper, 1955.
• Heschel, Abraham Joshua. Man Is Not Alone: A Philosophy of Religion. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 1951.
• Hosang, F. J. E. Boddens. Establishing Boundaries: Christian-Jewish Relations in Early Council Texts and the Writings of Church Fathers. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2010.
• Isaac, Jules. Jesus and Israel. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971. (Originally in French: Jesus et Israël. Paris: A. Michel, 1948.)
• Jackson-McCabe, Matt. Jewish Christianity: The Making of the Christianity-Judaism Divide. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2020.
• Kessler, Edward, and Neil Wenborn, eds. A Dictionary of Jewish-Christian Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
• Kinzer, Mark S. Jerusalem Crucified, Jerusalem Risen: The Resurrected Messiah, the Jewish People, and the Land of Promise. Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2018.
• Kinzer, Mark S. “Jewish Disciples of Yeshua: The Sacrament of Messianic Communion.” Helsinki Consultation, Moscow 2015.
• Kinzer, Mark S. Postmissi onary Messianic Judaism: Redefining Christian Engagement with the Jewish People.
• Grand Rapids, MI: Brazos Press, 2005.
• Kinzer, Mark S. Searching Her Own Mystery: Nostra Aetate, the Jewish People, and the Identity of the Church. Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2015.
• Kraabel, A. Thomas, J. Andrew Overman, and Robert S. MacLennan. “Melito the Bishop and the Synagogue at Sardis: Text and Context,” in Diaspora Jews and Judaism: Essays in Honor of, and in Dialogue with A. Thomas Kraabel. J. Overman and R. MacLennan, eds. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1992: 197–207.
• Kuhlmann, K.H. “The Harp out of Tune: The Anti-Judaism/Antisemitism of St Ephrem.” The Harp 27 (2004): 177-183.
• Law, Timothy Michael, and Alison Salvesen, eds. Greek Scripture and the Rabbis. Leuven: Peeters, 2012.
• Levenson, Jon D. The Death and Resurrection of the Beloved Son: The Transformation of Child Sacrifice in Judaism and Christianity. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1993.
• Levenson, Jon D. Resurrection and the Restoration of Israel: The Ultimate Victory of the God of Life. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2006.
• Levenson, Jon D., and Kevin J. Madigan. Resurrection: The Power of God for Christians and Jews. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1985.
• Levering, Matthew. Jewish-Christian Dialogue and the Life of Wisdom: Engagements with the Theology of David Novak. New York: Continuum, 2010.
• Levering, Matthew, and Tom Angier, eds. The Achievement of David Novak: A Catholic-Jewish Dialogue. Eugene, OR: Pickwick, 2021.
• Levine, Amy-Jill. The Misunderstood Jew: The Church and the Scandal of the Jewish Jesus. San Francisco: HarperOne, 1979.
• Levine, Amy-Jill. Short Stories by Jesus: The Enigmatic Parables of a Controversial Rabbi. San Francisco: HarperOne, 2014.
• Levine, Amy-Jill, Dale C. Allison Jr, and John Dominic Crossan, eds. The Historical Jesus in Context. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2006.
• Longenecker, Richard N. The Christology of Early Jewish Christianity. London: SCM Press, 1970.
• Lustiger, Cardinal Jean-Marie. The Promise. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2007. (Originally in French: La Promesse. Paris: Editions Parole et Silence, 2002.)
• Nanos, Mark D. Reading Romans within Judaism: The Collected Essays of Mark D. Nanos, Vol 2. Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2018.
• Nanos, Mark D., and Magnus Zetterholm, eds. Paul within Judaism: Restoring the First-Century Context to the Apostle. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2015.
• Neusner, Jacob, and Ernest S. Frerichs, eds. To See Ourselves as Others See Us: Christians, Jews, Others in Late Antiquity. Decatur, GA: Scholars Press, 1985.
• Novak, David. The Election of Israel: The Idea of the Chosen People. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
• Novak, David. Jewish-Christian Dialogue: A Jewish Justification. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.
• Novak, David. Talking with Christians: Musings of a Jewish Theologian. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2005.
• Ochs, Peter. Another Reformation: Postliberal Christianity and the Jews. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2011.
• Palmisano, Joseph Redfield. Beyond the Walls: Abraham Joshua Heschel and Edith Stein on the Significance of Empathy for Jewish-Christian Dialogue. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.
• Reynolds, Benjamin E. and Loren T. Stuckenbruck, eds., The Jewish Apocalyptic Tradition and the Shaping of New Testament Thought. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2017.
• Schäfer, Peter. Jesus in the Talmud. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007.
• Schäfer, Peter. The Jewish Jesus: How Judaism and Christianity Shaped Each Other. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2012.
• Schoeman, Roy H. Salvation Is from the Jews: The Role of Judaism in Salvation History from Abraham to the Second Coming. San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 2003.
• Schröder, Bernd. “What Does the Church Gain in Affirming the Jewish People as People of the Covenant?” Current Dialogue: Special Issue: Christian Self Understanding in the Jewish Context, no. 53 (2012): 62-69.
• Sievers, Joseph, and Amy-Jill Levine, eds. The Pharisees. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2021.
• Soulen, R. Kendall. The God of Israel and Christian Theology. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1996.
• Stern, David, and Barry Rubin, eds. The Complete Jewish Study Bible. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, 2016.
• Tobias, Norman C. Jewish Conscience of the Church: Jules Isaac and the Second Vatican Council. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017.
• Trebilco, Paul R. Jewish Communities in Asia Minor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
• Waltke, Bruce, and James M. Houston. The Psalms as Christian Worship: A Historical Commentary. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2010.
• Weitzman, Mark. “The IHRA Working Definition of Antisemitism,” in Comprehending and Confronting Antisemitism: A Multi-Faceted Approach. Armin Lange, Kerstin Mayerhofer, Dina Porat and Lawrence H. Schiffman, eds. Berlin: DeGruyter, 2019: 463–73.
• Wilken, Robert. John Chrysostom and the Jews: Rhetoric and Reality in the Late 4th Century. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.
• Witherington, Ben. Torah Old and New: Exegesis, Intertextuality, and Hermeneutics. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2018.
• Witherington, Ben. A Week in the Fall of Jerusalem. Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2017.
• Wyschogrod, Michael. Abraham’s Promise: Judaism and Jewish-Christian Relations. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004.